Structure and use of present perfect simple.

Present perfect simple has a 1) (modal / compound) form. This means it has more than one part to the verb. It uses the auxiliary 2) (have / be) or has in third person singular - he, she, it and a 3) (present / past) participle. The auxiliaries are usually contracted in spoken English or in informal written styles to 've or 4) ' (s / ll):

I've found your wallet! ...
He's gone out. ...
Mary's been to the shops. ...
We' 5) (s / ve) been to Paris. ...

The question form of present perfect simple is made by inverting the auxiliary and the 6) (subject / object):

Have you ever been to Moscow? ...
Has she come back yet? ...
7) (Have / Has) John bought a new car? ...
Have we brought any money? ...

The negative form is made by combining have, has with not. This is usually contracted to haven't, hasn't:

I haven't heard the news today. ...
It 8) (haven't / hasn't) happened yet. ...
Mary hasn't made a cake this weekend. ...
We haven't seen the football match. ...

Present perfect often talks about past events with a connection to the present. For example, Jane wants to go to the cinema with a friend. She asks her friend, Mary, if she wants to come and see the film "Titanic" with her. Mary laughs at Jane and answers:

"Titanic! I've seen that film! Everybody has seen that film!" ...

The first meaning we understand from what Mary said is that in the past she saw the film Titanic. This refers to the 9) (completed / uncompleted) action.

But by using present perfect there is also an implicit meaning here too. Mary is insinuating that she doesn't want to see the film again, she thinks that it's an old film and not interesting any more. This is the connection to the 10) (future / present). Then Jane says that the film she wants to see is Titanic in 3D. Mary's eyes open wide. She says:

"Titanic in 3D! Oh, I haven't seen that!" ...

Mary is also saying implicitly that now she wants to see the film. Now, she thinks it's interesting.

The alternative verb tense possibility for these examples is past 11) (continuous / simple):

"Titanic! I saw that film! Everybody saw that film!" ...

If Mary uses past simple, it is probably because she is thinking about when she saw the film eg. at that time or in 1997. But past simple makes no implicit reference about whether Mary wants to see the film again or not.

If we make a reference to 12) (when / if) an event happened, we cannot use present perfect.

Look at the following present perfect statements. Which is the most probable implicit present meaning of each statement?

"I'm sorry! I've dropped your new vase." ... 13) . (It is broken / It is old)
"Mary has lost her car keys." ... 14) . (She liked them / She cannot find them)
"John has made a cake." ... 15) ? (Would you like some / Do you want to leave)
"I haven't eaten all day!" ... 16) . (Food is nice / I am hungry)